NEON

Symbol --- Ne

Abundance --- 18 ppm by volume in dry air and 7x10^-5 ppm by weight in the earth’s crust

Physical state (STP)--- gas

Elemental category --- noble gas

Gas phase --- monoatomic

Colour --- colourless

Discovery --- William Ramsay

Atomic no --- 10

Atomic weight --- 20.179

Period --- 2

Group --- 18 or VIIIA

Block --- p block

Known isotopes --- ₁₀Ne¹⁶, ₁₀Ne¹⁷, ₁₀Ne¹⁸, ₁₀Ne¹⁹, ₁₀Ne²⁰, ₁₀Ne²¹, ₁₀Ne²², ₁₀Ne²³, ₁₀Ne²⁴, ₁₀Ne²⁵, ₁₀Ne²⁶, ₁₀Ne²⁷, ₁₀Ne²⁸, ₁₀Ne²⁹, ₁₀Ne³⁰, ₁₀Ne³¹, ₁₀Ne³², ₁₀Ne³³

Main isotopes --- ₁₀Ne²⁰, ₁₀Ne²¹, ₁₀Ne²²

Isotopic abundance --- ₁₀Ne²⁰ (90.38%), ₁₀Ne²¹ (0.30%), ₁₀Ne²² (9.32%)

Melting Point --- – 248.6 ⁰C (24.55 K)

Boiling Point --- – 246.05 ⁰C (27.1 K)

Triple Point --- 24.55 K, 43.35 kPa

Critical Temperature --- 44.5 K

Critical Pressure --- 2.76 MPa

Heat of Fusion --- 0.336 KJ/mol

Heat of Vaporisation --- 1.8 KJ/mol

Molar heat capacity --- 20.8 J/(mol-K)

Density --- 0.9 g/L (at STP)

Molar volume --- 0.0224

Solubility (water) --- 10.5 cm³/L (at 20 ⁰C)

Electron configuration --- [He] 2s² 2p⁶

Electrons per shell --- 2 (1 st shell), 8 (2 nd shell)

Oxidation state --- 0

Valance --- 0

Electron affinity --- 0 KJ/mol

Ionisation energy --- 2080 KJ/mol (1 st), 3951.5 KJ/mol (2 nd), 6122.3 KJ/mol (3 rd), 9372 KJ/mol (4 th)

Covalent radius --- 58 pm

Van der Waals radius --- 154 pm

Natural occurrence --- primordial

Crystal structure --- face centered cubic (fcc)

Specific heat --- 1030 J/(Kg K) (gas)

Speed of sound --- 435 m/s (gas, at 0⁰C)

Thermal conductivity --- 0.049 W/(m K)

Magnetic type --- diamagnetic

Mass magnetic susceptibility --- – 4.0 x 10^-9 m³/Kg

Molar magnetic susceptibility --- – 8.25 x 10^-11 m³/mol

Volume magnetic susceptibility --- – 3.7 x 10^-9

Bulk modulus --- 654 GPa 

Lattice angles --- π/2, π/2, π/2

Lattice constants --- 442.7 pm, 442.7 pm, 442.7 pm

Quantum numbers --- ¹S₀

Neutron cross section --- 4 x 10^-2

Neutron mass absorption --- 5.9 x 10^-4

Refractive index --- 1.00006