NANOBOTS or NANOROBOTS

For the applications of nanotechnology, a very fast growing and promising field is in the practice of medicine. Application of nanotechnology in the medicinal field is often referred to as nanomedicine. In the medicinal field nanotechnology is applied by the creation of nanoscale devices for improved therapy and diagnostics. This nanoscale devices are often referred to as nanorobots or more simply nanobots. For delivery of therapeutic agents, detectors or guardians against early disease these nanobots have the capability to serve as delivery vehicles also they have the capability to repair of metabolic or genetic defects. These nanobots would be programmed to perform specific function like to the conventional or macroscopic robots, and also these nanobots controlled by remote. The size of these nanobots is in nanoscale, so they can travel and performed desired functions inside the human body.

In the human body when nanobots are applied to medicine, these nanobots are capable to find the target within the body such as an invading virus or cancer cell, therefore these nanobots perform some function to fix the target. Since nanobots is controlled by remote, they have the capacity to releasing a drug in the appropriate target or in a localized area, so they minimized the potential side effects of generalized drug therapy. Nanobots may bind to a target and prevent the target from further activity, thus for example, preventing a virus from infecting a cell. Since nanotechnology is developing, it is possible in near future, gene replacement, tissue regeneration or nano surgery by nanobots.

Since nanobots is used as a delivery vehicle or carrier, so they carry payload. Three types of nano material used for this purpose to carry payload such as carbonnanotubes or buckyballs, various dendrimers, various nanoparticle or nanocrystals.

Nanobots find the target in the human body and repair the target. This mechanism is based on antigen or antibody interactions or binding of target molecules to membrane-bound receptors.

Through the natural mechanisms of metabolism and excretion most of the nanobots or nanodevices could be eliminated from the human body after performing their work. Nanobots made by biodegradable or naturally occurring substances, such as calcium phosphate would be a favorable approach, because they are eliminated from the human body naturally after performing the desire function.

The negative impact of using nanobots is that if they cause pollution and clog of system in human body. Another problem is that if nanobots may become out of control due to lost of some function in nanobots or nanobots malfunction.