About Lithium

 LITHIUM

Symbol --- Li

Abundance --- 0.0017% in earth's crust.

Physical state --- solid

Elemental Category --- Alkali metal

Colour --- silver

Discovery --- Johan August Arfwedson (1817)

Atomic no --- 3

Atomic weight --- 6.93

Period --- 2

Group --- 1

Block --- s-block

Known Isotopes--- ₃Li³ ₃Li⁴ ₃Li⁵ ₃Li⁶ ₃Li⁷ ₃Li⁸ ₃Li⁹ ₃Li¹⁰ ₃Li¹¹ ₃Li¹²

Stable Isotopes --- ₃Li⁶ ₃Li⁷ 

Isotopic abundance --- [₃Li⁶ (7.59%), ₃Li⁷ (92.41%)]

Melting Point --- 453.65 K (180.5⁰C)

Boiling Point --- 1603 K (1330⁰C)

Density --- 0.534 g/cc

Electron Configuration --- [He] 2s¹

Oxidation State --- +1

Valence --- 1

Electronegativity --- 0.98

Electron Affinity --- 59.6 KJ/mol

Ionisation Energy --- 520.2 KJ/mol (1st), 7298.1 KJ/mol (2nd), 11815 KJ/mol (3rd)

Covalent Radius --- 128 pm

Van der Waals radius --- 182 pm

Crystal Structure --- B.C.C (Body Centered Cubic) 

Heat of fusion --- 3 KJ/mol

Heat of vaporisation --- 136 KJ/mol

Critical Point --- 3220 K, 67 MPa (661.239 atm)

Molar heat capacity --- 24.86 J/mol-K

Specific heat --- 3570 J/(Kg-K)

Thermal conductivity --- 84.8 W/(m k)

Molar volume --- 0.00001297

Speed of sound --- 6000 m/s

Magnetic type --- paramagnetic

Mass magnetic susceptibility ---   +2.56x10^-8 m³/kg

Molar magnetic susceptibility --- + 1.78 x 10^-10 m³/mol 

Lattice angles --- π/2, π/2, π/2

Lattice constants --- 351 pm,351 pm,351 pm

Quantum numbers --- ²S_1/2

Neutron cross section --- 71

Electrical conductivity --- 1.1 x 10⁷ S/m

Electrical resistivity --- 92.8 nΩ m

Mohs hardness --- 0.6

Brinell hardness --- 5 MPa

Young's modulus --- 4.9 GPa

Bulk modulus --- 11 GPa

Shear modulus --- 4.2 GPa

ABOUT LITHIUM